The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.